nickel ore and dangers liquefaction

and nickel ore, mainly exported from Indonesia, the Philippines and New Caledonia. Shipping Countries List Of Accidents LIQUEFACTION ACCIDENTS (1988 – 2017) BY CARGOES AND SHIPPING COUNTRIES Bauxite 5% Fluorspar 5% Nickel Ore 43% Iron Ore 47% 24% 9% 9% 48%

Sep 20, 2019· Heightened risks for domestic traffic. A ban on Indonesian nickel ore exports, which was brought forward to January 2020 from 2022, while hitting supramax demand, should lead to a decline in liquefaction-related incidents for the international fleet, but domestic trades may rise, posing further risks, according to Braemar-ACM.

China's innovation in processing low-grade nickel ore has firmed up the country as the world leader in both nickel laterite consumption and stainless steel production. As a consequence China may be seen as the first country which opened up the market on low-grade nickel ores .

Oct 07, 2021· home; news; Monday, 13th September 2021 Sierra Leone - Carriage of Iron Ore Fines Cargoes - Liquefaction Risk Sierra Leone – Iron Ore Fines. The International Group Clubs have recently issued a Circular referring Members to previous circulars and the risks arising from the carriage of mineral ores from certain jurisdictions, including possible liquefaction of such cargoes and the lack of …

Nickel ore, iron ore fines and bauxite for instance, have all exhibited liquefaction properties despite being originally unclassified or listed as Group C cargoes. Nickel Ore - Has been referred to as "The Deadliest Cargo" - Nickel ore carriage represents just 0.06% of world trade since 2010, but has resulted in 80% of deaths at sea

Oct 13, 2017· Nickel ore, a high-risk Group A cargo in the International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes Code, is notoriously known to be highly susceptible to liquefaction, that is …

challenges and risk of cargo liquefaction persist. Recommendations The nickel ore schedule was first introduced in the 2013 edition of the IMSBC Code and became mandatory on 1 January 2015. Despite the numerous circulars on the safe carriage of nickel ore and its entry in the IMSBC Code, liquefaction incidents still occur.

Members are reminded of our Circulars in relation to loading nickel ore and the requirement to notify North when planning to load nickel ore from the Philippines or Indonesia. * Circular Ref: 2012/023 – Dangers of Carrying Nickel Ore from Indonesia and the Philippines – …

Concerns about nickel ore • Demand for nickel ore • International regulations: IMSBC Code • Characteristics of liquefaction • Risks to vessel • Ship staff controlling loading? • Compliance with IMSBC Code: What is really going on • Insurance implications . P. AGE. 2 . …

Dear Sirs, Dangers of Carrying Nickel Ore from Indonesia and the Philippines – Mandatory Notification Requirements (re-issued) Background This Notice should be read in conjunction with the attached International Group summary relating to the safe carriage of nickel ore cargoes which also forms part of this Notice. The liquefaction of such cargoes has resulted in the sinking of a number of ...

Mar 28, 2012· Following sinkings, industry urged to address dangers of liquefaction. March 28, 2012. ... The probable cause of the sinking, according to the International Union of Marine Insurance, was the liquefaction of the nickel ore. For Clay Maitland, managing partner of International Registries Inc, cargo liquefaction is an issue that needs more ...

Apr 07, 2015· Nickel ore, which accounts for 73 percent of the world's overall nickel resources, has the tendency to transform into slurry during voyage, causing the vessel to lose balance and capsize. According to Intercargo, nickel ore is prone to a phenomenon called liquefaction, in which the water separates from the ore due to moisture and ever ...

Jun 01, 2012· The liquefaction of such cargoes has resultedin the sinking of a number of ships with a loss of many lives in the last 18 months. Nickel ore is a cargo which may liquefy if the moisture content of the material exceedsits Transportable Moisture Limit (TML). Cargo liquefaction may lead to a loss of stability, to the extent that the ship may capsize.

Jul 03, 2018· The extreme dangers of the nickel ore trade, where liquefaction of the cargo can cause a vessel to sink in a matter of minutes are, well known but enforcing regulations on this valuable business ...

Jun 21, 2018· Nickel ore - a liquefaction risk. 21 June 2018. Liquefaction risks of nickel ore cargoes from Indonesia and the Philippines have been a long-standing prominent issue which require constant vigilance and review by shipowners and charterers. Since 2010, the liquefaction of nickel ore cargoes has caused the capsize of seven vessels.

Iron ore fines and nickel ore By Dr Martin Jonas, Brookes Bell, Liverpool. (see Figure 1). This suddenly reduces the friction between particles, and thus the shear strength of the cargo. The effect of this process is a transition from a solid state to a viscous fluid state in which all or part of the cargo can flatten out to form a fluid surface.

Aug 20, 2015· The Vessel had loaded Nickel ore from the Philippine Island of Surigao. ... In recent times the main dangers of Liquefaction have been faced …

Jul 01, 2019· The nickel ore trade in the Philippines is one of the most active in the world. Pandiman's surveyors have attended over 4,000 vessels loading nickel ore …

Sep 01, 2016· Nickel ore, iron ore fines and bauxite for instance, have all exhibited liquefaction properties despite being originally unclassified or listed as Group C cargoes. Nickel Ore. Has been referred to as "The Deadliest Cargo". Nickel ore carriage represents just 0.06% of world trade since 2010, but has resulted in 80% of deaths at sea.

Jan 27, 2011· Nickel ore is a cargo which may liquefy if the moisture content of the material exceeds its Transportable Moisture Limit (TML). Cargo liquefaction may lead to a loss of stability, to the extent that the ship may capsize. Due to the numerous dangers and difficulties associated with this particular cargo, the International Group is actively ...

Aug 28, 2020· Bulk carrier ZHONG CHANG HE SHENG issued distress signal in the afternoon Aug 27, reporting liquefying of her cargo of nickel ore, danger of capsizing. The ship was in East China sea north of Senkaku islands, en route from Surigao Philippines to Lianyungang, China, Yellow sea. The ship changed course and headed for Chinese coast, she approached ...

Sep 01, 2017· Cargo Liquefaction Risk and Nickel Ore Exports. By. Mfame Team. -. September 1, 2017. 2722. An example of cargo liquefaction. Credit: Gard. Gard understands that at least one shipper has started to export nickel ore under a …

Sep 17, 2018· The dangers associated with the carriage of nickel ore, due to the risk of liquefaction of the cargo on passage when the moisture content is higher than the cargo's Flow Moisture Point (FMP ...

Nov 08, 2019· Liquefaction risks of nickel ore cargoes from Indonesia and the Philippines have been a long-standing prominent issue which require constant vigilance and review by shipowners and charterers. Since 2010, the liquefaction of nickel ore …

seafarers loss their lives. Their cargoes were nickel ore; the ships were sailing from Indonesia to China [13]. The cause of the sinking has not yet been definitively known but nickel ore is known to suffer the risk of liquefaction, if the moisture content of the cargo exceeds the transportable moisture limit (TML) when loaded. It is very possible

Jun 09, 2021· A soaking-wet stockpile of nickel ore, one of the cargoes most prone to dangerous liquefaction (Gard file image) Published Jun 9, 2021 4:24 PM by Philip Teoh

Feb 01, 2011· Indonesia and the Philippines – Safe Carriage of Nickel Ore Cargoes. As members may be aware in October and November 2010 three vessels the 'Jian Fu Star', 'Nasco Diamond' and 'Hong Wei' sank during the carriage of nickel ore from Indonesia to China with the loss of forty four seafarers. The cause of the sinkings has not yet been definitively ...

Harita Bauxite 50k 1983 15 16 February 2013 Nickel ore Indonesia Trans Summer 57k 2012 0 14 August 2013 Nickel ore Philippines Bulk Jupiter 56k 2006 18 2 February 2015 Bauxite Malaysia Alam Manis 56k 2007 1 17 July 2015 Nickel ore Philippines Emarald Star 57k 2010 10 13 October 2017 Nickel ore Indonesia Table 1 – Liquefaction accidents

Sep 02, 2020· The carriage of nickel ore is problematic as it is a cargo which may liquefy if the moisture content of the material exceeds its Transportable Moisture Limit (TML). Heavy rainfalls on uncovered stockpiles increase this risk of liquefaction. Cargo liquefaction can lead to a loss of stability, to the extent that the ship may capsize.

Bulk Carrier 'Trans Summer' capsizes due nickel ore liquefaction during Typhoon Utor, Aug 2013 Photo: HKG Flying Service INTRODUCTION The carriage of dry bulk cargo by sea can be deadly. Loss prevention requires detailed knowledge of the risks and its application by ship managers and crews.