mining underground definition

Define underground. underground synonyms, underground pronunciation, underground translation, English dictionary definition of underground. adj. 1. Situated, occurring, or operating below the surface of the earth: underground caverns; underground missile sites.

Jan 24, 2020· Mining is the process of extracting useful materials from the earth. Some examples of substances that are mined include coal, gold, or iron ore.Iron ore is the material from which the metal iron is produced. The process of mining dates back to prehistoric times. Prehistoric people first mined flint, which was ideal for tools and weapons since it breaks into shards with sharp edges.

Coal mining is known as a dangerous and dirty profession. Longwall mining is a highly productive underground coal mining technique. Longwall mining machines consist of multiple coal shearers mounted on a series of self-advancing hydraulic ceiling supports. The entire process is mechanized.

Groundwater mining is the removal, or withdraw, of water in the natural ground over a period of time that exceeds the recharge rate of the supply aquifer. It is also called "overdraft" or "mining ...

Sulphide dust explosions - An underground mining hazard involving the spontaneous combustion of airborne dust containing sulphide minerals. Sulphur dioxide - A gas liberated during the smelting of most sulphide ores; either converted into sulphuric acid or released into the atmosphere in the form of a gas.

A glossary of mining terms. Mining explained. Bulk ore sorting and coarse particle recovery – leading the way in mineral processing innovation. Mining explained. Digging deeper: Mining methods explained. The four concepts underpinning a new way of mining.

Earth's crust contains many minerals and other materials that are useful to people. To get these valuable natural resources, people must dig into the ground. The holes that they dig are called mines. Some mines are narrow shafts, or tunnels, that go very deep underground. Other mines are large open pits, like canyons. The people who work in ...

Oct 16, 2020· What is the hazard? During the extraction, transport, and processing of coal, ore, or stone in underground and surface mining operations, significant amounts of airborne respirable dust can be generated and expose workers.

The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased. Mining, Underground the aggregate of operations to open and develop a deposit and remove ores, nonmetallic minerals, and coals. A different technology is applied in underground leaching, underground solution, and other underground mining ...

Underground mining (hard rock) Underground hard rock mining refers to various underground mining techniques used to excavate hard minerals such as those containing metals like gold, copper, zinc, nickel and lead or gems such as diamonds. In contrast soft rock mining refers to excavation of softer minerals such as coal, or oil sands.

1. Underground Mining Methods 1.1. Classification of Underground Mining Methods Mineral production in which all extracting operations are conducted beneath the ground surface is termed underground mining. Underground mining methods are usually employed when the depth of the deposit and/or the waste to ore ratio (stripping ratio) are

Nov 18, 2020· Career Definition for a Mining Engineer. Mining engineers design and create systems that are used to locate, extract, and transport natural resources. They …

The mine may be either a surface or underground operation. MACHINERY - Accidents that result from the action or motion of machinery or from failure of component parts. Included are all electric and air-powered tools and mining machinery such as drills, tuggers, slushers, draglines, power shovels, loading machines, compressors, etc. Include ...

In mining: Underground mining. When any ore body lies a considerable distance below the surface, the amount of waste that has to be removed in order to uncover the ore through surface mining becomes prohibitive, and underground techniques must be considered.

Jun 26, 2018· Underground mining is a distinct segment of the mining sector. Underground mining is generally used to extract minerals that are too far underground for surface mining to be economical. There are many different underground mining …

Sep 22, 2015· In underground mines, confined spaces, remote controlled equipment, and limited visibility due to dust, poor lighting, and the machinery itself make proximity a challenge. A recent increase in accidents involving remote controlled continuous mining machines has brought this issue to the forefront for the NIOSH Mining Program.

Glossary of Mining Terms A Abutment - In coal mining, (1) the weight of the rocks above a narrow roadway is transferred to the solid coal along the sides, which act as abutments of the arch of strata spanning the roadway; and (2) the weight of the rocks over a longwall face is

Glossary of Mining Terminology After Damp - Gasses resulting from underground combustion, normally carbon monoxide. This is a loose term implying any fatal gas in a mine after an explosion or fire. Air Shaft - A vertical opening into a mine for the passage of air. Airway - Any passage in a mine along which an air current moves. Some passages are

Underground Mining, Longwall Mining, Coal Seams, Spontaneous Ignition Promise engineering Investment and its conflicting anticipations in the French mining revival This paper analyses promises made by companies to various publics, including global investors, national public administrative bodies and local populations.

Jun 30, 2021· 31,146 underground mining stock photos, vectors, and illustrations are available royalty-free. See underground mining stock video clips. of 312. mine processing mines inside a mine mining drill underground miners isometric old tunnel mining …

The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). It might be outdated or ideologically biased. Mining, Underground the aggregate of operations to open and develop a deposit and remove ores, nonmetallic minerals, and coals. A different technology is applied in underground leaching, underground solution, and other underground mining ...

Underground mining is a technique used to access ores and valuable minerals in the ground by digging into the ground to extract them. This is in contrast with techniques like open pit mining, in which the surface layers of ground are scooped away to access deposits, or mountaintop removal, in which the top of a mountain is simply shaved off to ...

Definition statement This place covers: Methods or apparatus for making or lining tunnels, galleries or large underground chambers, using underground mining methods only, i.e. not involving disturbance of the ground surface. Techniques and tools for stabilising such underground constructions against the pressure of the surrounding soil or rock.

Answer (1 of 3): Room-and-pillar mining is a common method of subsurface mining. This method is used to extract salt and coal. A network of entries, called rooms, are cut into a seam, a horizontal layer of coal. Between the rooms, pillars of coal are left standing to support the room. Subsurface...

Important Terms for Underground Mining . Adit: A horizontal or nearly horizontal passage driven into a hill or mountain. It does not go completely through the hill or mountain. Apex: The upper most terminal edge of the vein on the surface or its nearest point to the surface.

Oct 08, 2019· More specifically, mining is used to extract non-renewable resources like fossil fuels, minerals and even water. There are four main methods of mining: underground, surface, placer and in-situ. The type of mining method used depends on the kind of resource that is being targeted for extraction, the deposit's location below or on the Earth's ...

Apr 13, 2014· Underground mining means the mining of minerals by man‑made excavation underneath the surface of the earth; Sample 1. Sample 2. Based on 2 documents. 2. Underground mining means mining by digging or constructing access tunnels, adits, ramps, or shafts and excavating directly from the natural mineral deposits exposed.

the mining technologies currently in use on Federal leases and the potential for commer-cial mining technologies to extract Federal coal reserves from deep underground seams. The chapter discusses: three surface mining techniques that are used in the West: 1) area strip, 2) open pit, and 3) terrace pit; two methods of underground mining in

underground mining in which it is required to clear all harmful gases, as in coal mines removes fumes from blasting and occasional exhaust from diesel equipment and also at the same time it provides fresh air to the miner ïs which improves their efficiency. so, the careful study of mine ventilation is needed and it …

Longwall mining is a highly mechaniz ed underground mining sys tem for mining coal. It set of longwall mining equipment consists of a coal shear er mounted on convey or operating